Extended Data Fig. 10: HCCOs mimic features of the primary tumour and are suited to investigate drug effects on tumour cells.
From: Human-correlated genetic models identify precision therapy for liver cancer

(a) Schematic of murine HCCO assay pipeline. HTP = high-throughput, GEMM = genetically-engineered mouse model, HCC = hepatocellular carcinoma, HCCOs = HCC organoids. (b) HCCOs keep characteristics of primary tumour tissue such as accumulation of beta-catenin (CTNNB1), proliferation marker Ki67, differentiation marker HNF4a, glutamine synthetase (GS) and MYC expression; representative images of single organoids from a bulk culture from a single organoid line and of single tumours from multiple autochthonous tumours within a single mouse. Scale bars equal 100 µm. NT = non-tumour, T = tumour. (c) The transcriptional phenotype of HCCOs differed from the original tumours of the same Cohort, likely due to the simplified nature of HCCOs as an epithelial-cell-only model as well adaptive response to the culture conditions. Note that all GEMMs and HCCOs are mutated/overexpressing of both CTNNB1/Myc respectively.