Extended Data Fig. 3: Early-in-life phylogenetic patterns and cross-tissue mutations.

Phylogenies from aged (left) and young (right) HSCs zoomed into the first 12 mutations molecular time. Polytomies in the branching structure, which represent cell division without mutation acquisition, are enriched among early-in-life cell divisions at the tops of the phylogenies. Variants shared with matched colonic crypts are layered onto the trees as pie charts. Pie chart fullness represents the proportion of colonic crypts in which the mutation present on the haematopoietic phylogeny was observed. Sample M7183 lacked sufficient early life diversity (<10 unique lineages within 12 mutations molecular time) and was excluded.