Extended Data Fig. 1: Communication principle and reliability of the implantable sensing system.
From: Wireless transmission of internal hazard signals in Li-ion batteries
a, Circuit diagram of the implantable sensing system integrated with a strain sensor connected to a Wheatstone bridge. b, Principle of signal modulation. c, The ratio of power consumption of wireless transmission with different types of battery for mode 1. Battery 1, Battery 2 and Battery 3 are 26Ah-Tesla, 190Ah-BYD and 280Ah-CATL, respectively. The data are retrieved from the media releases of Tesla, BYD and CATL. d, The stability of temperature sensors in an electrolyte environment over 70 days. e,f, Optical pictures of temperature (e) and strain (f) sensors before and after immersing in electrolyte. g,h, Calibration results of the implantable sensing systems for the temperature (g) and strain sensors (h).
