Fig. 1: Schematic of the experimental setup.
From: The structure of liquid carbon elucidated by in situ X-ray diffraction

Glassy carbon samples were subjected to shock compression with the DiPOLE 100-X drive laser. The microscopic structure is probed by a bright X-ray pulse of EuXFEL, and two area detectors collect the XRD patterns. The shock dynamics are captured by a VISAR.