Fig. 6: Increased CSF drainage by non-invasive mechanical stimulation of scLVs.

a, Sequence of intracisternal infusion of TMR–dextran into Prox1–GFP mice followed by mechanical stimulation at 30 min for 5 min, then imaging of TMR–dextran in scLV-1 and scLV-2 at 35 min. b,c, Fluorescence images and measurements of TMR–dextran in scLV-1 and scLV-2. Sham compared with mechanical stimulation (b). Anatomical positions are indicated. Scale bars, 200 μm. Each dot represents combined TMR–dextran fluorescence intensity in scLV-1 and scLV-2 from one mouse (c). n = 7 (sham), n = 10 (low magnitude) and n = 6 (high magnitude) from three independent experiments. The error bars indicate mean ± s.e.m. P values were calculated by Brown–Forsythe analysis of variance (ANOVA) test followed by two-tailed Dunnett’s T3 multiple comparison post-hoc test. d, Sequence of intracisternal infusion of TMR–dextran into Prox1–GFP mice followed by mechanical stimulation at 10 min for 20 min, then imaging of TMR–dextran in the smLN at 30 min. e,f, Fluorescence images (e) and measurements (f) of TMR–dextran in the smLN of the stimulated side (top) versus unstimulated side (bottom). Scale bars, 500 μm. Each dot is the value for one mouse. n = 12 (sham), n = 10 (low magnitude) and n = 13 (high magnitude) from three independent experiments. The error bars indicate mean ± s.e.m. P values were calculated by Brown–Forsythe ANOVA test followed by two-tailed Dunnett’s T3 multiple comparison post-hoc test. g,h, Sequence of intracerebroventricular infusion of TMR–dextran into Prox1–GFP mice followed by low-magnitude mechanical stimulation (LMMS) at 10 min for 10 min and removal of CSF at 30 min (g). Fluorescence in CSF after LMMS or sham is also shown (h). Each dot is the value for one mouse. n = 6 (sham) and n = 7 (LMMS) from three independent experiments. The error bars indicate mean ± s.e.m. P values were calculated by two-tailed unpaired t-test with Welch’s correction. FI, fluorescence intensity.

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