Extended Data Fig. 6: Sedimentary phosphorus concentrations and inferred gross primary productivity from 1,000 to 500 Ma.
From: Two-billion-year transitional oxygenation of the Earth’s surface
a, Temporal distribution of sedimentary phosphorus contents, compiled from ref. 67. b, Estimated gross primary productivity relative to the present-day oceanic level (POL; red line), calculated from the LOWESS fit of phosphorus data. The blue and red lines represent gross productivity levels used as model inputs—together with \({p}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{2}}/{p}_{{{\rm{CO}}}_{2}}\) ratios from the NEOCARBSULF model—to simulate atmospheric ∆′17\({{\rm{O}}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{2}}\) evolution.
