Fig. 2: Characterization of the LnNP@9-ACA nanohybrid system.
From: Triplets electrically turn on insulating lanthanide-doped nanoparticles
a,b, Absorption spectra of LnNPs (a) and LnNP@9-ACA nanohybrids (b). c, DFT-simulated FTIR spectra of free 9-ACA molecules, bound 9-ACA molecules to Gd3+ and Na+ ions and experimental data of YbNP@9-ACA nanohybrids. d, DFT-simulated FTIR spectra of free OA molecules, bound OA molecules to Gd3+ and Na+ ions and experimental data of OA-capped YbNPs. e, Comparison of NIR-II emission between LnNPs and LnNP@9-ACA nanohybrids under the excitation of a 350-nm lamp (concentration 20 mg ml−1).
