Fig. 2: Wild migratory birds drove rapid dissemination across continental migratory flyways.
From: Ecology and spread of the North American H5N1 epizootic
a, Phylogenetic reconstruction of n = 1,000 sequences coloured by migratory flyway. Inset: the results of the PACT analysis quantifying persistence in each flyway (measured as the length of time a tip takes to leave its sampled location, going backwards on the tree), excluding the Pacific clade. b, The mean and 95% HPD for the number of Markov jumps per year between US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) flyways. The colour of the bar on the right of each jump pair corresponds to the source population and the height of the bar corresponds to the BF support. c, USFWS waterfowl flyways map; arrows are annotated to represent rates with BF support of at least 100. The size of the arrow corresponds to the magnitude of the mean transition rate. d, The posterior distribution of the number of Markov jumps between flyways in the eastward or westward direction and between adjacent and distant flyways. e, Chord diagram of discrete trait diffusion based on migratory status going from the source population on the left to the sink population on the right. The chord thickness represents the mean transition rate and the colour represents the BF support. D, domestic; M, migratory; MA, mammal; PM, partially migratory; S, sedentary.
