Extended Data Fig. 7: Wave-optics model of the beam propagation in DISH.
From: Sub-second volumetric 3D printing by synthesis of holographic light fields
a, Illustration of the beam path of DISH for a specific angle. As illustrated from different viewpoints, the refracted beams are stretched along one axis owing to refraction and are less affected for another axis. b, The optical path diagram illustrates three stages of the beam propagation process during modelling in the holographic optimization algorithm, including propagation in air, refraction at the interface and propagation in the material. c, Illustration of stage 1: propagation in air. d, Illustration of stage 2: refraction at the interface. e, Illustration of stage 3: propagation in the material. θi represents the incident angle, θr represents the refracted angle, ni represents the refractive index of the air, nr represents the refractive index of the material, lr represents the distance from the interface to the printing centre and zr represents the propagation distance from the printing centre to the target location.
