Fig. 5: Hypertension-related immune response of the upper airway in COVID-19. | Nature Biotechnology

Fig. 5: Hypertension-related immune response of the upper airway in COVID-19.

From: Hypertension delays viral clearance and exacerbates airway hyperinflammation in patients with COVID-19

Fig. 5: Hypertension-related immune response of the upper airway in COVID-19.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a, b, Dot plots depict gene expression of COVID-19-related pro-inflammatory mediators and receptors in macrophages, neutrophils and T cells of the nasopharynx. a, Significant gene expression changes in nrMa, rMa, Neu, NKT and CTL of hypertensive patients with (HT+/CVD+, n (SARS-CoV-2+/−) = 4/10) or without an additional CVD (HT+/CVD−, n (SARS-CoV-2+/−) = 6/15) compared to HT−/CVD− patients (n (SARS-CoV-2+/−) = 6/6). b, Significantly altered gene expression in different immune cells of hypertensive patients treated either with ARB+ (n (SARS-CoV-2+/−) = 4/15) or ACEI+ (n (SARS-CoV-2+/−) = 6/10) in comparison to HT−/CVD− patients (n (SARS-CoV-2+/−) = 6/6). Significant differences in a and b are based on Benjamini–Hochberg adjusted P value calculated using MAST < 0.05 and are indicated by red circles. Samples with no contributing cells per cell type were excluded from analysis. Ave. Exp., average gene expression; Pct. Exp., percentage of cells expressing the gene.

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