Fig. 4: Individual grain weight (mg) in response to DMNB-T6P spray over four seasons.

Three spring wheat varieties, DM Ceibo, MS INTA 415 and Saeta, grown in 2018–2022 at two dose rates of DMNB-T6P in 2018, 2020 and three dose rates of DMNB-T6P in 2021, 2022 compared to control with no DMNB-T6P. Each data point represents an individual plot (n = 5 in 2018; n = 4 in 2020, 2021 and 2022). Statistical analysis of each Argentinian field trial was performed using a two-way factorial ANOVA accounting for the randomized complete block layout in R version 4.2.1. Additionally, a combined analysis over all 4 years was performed using a mixed model framework fitted using REML (Supplementary Table 3). All data are shown on harmonized scales; for plots with expanded scales, plots with means and comparison of SEDs of combined means and individual means, see also Extended Data Fig. 10. Box plots range from the first quartile (Q1) to the third quartile (Q3) of the distribution and contain the 25th to 75th percentiles of the dataset, respectively, representing the interquartile range (IQR). The center line inside each box represents the median value (50th percentile). Whiskers extending below Q1 and above Q3 denote minimum and maximum values of the dataset within 1.5× IQR from the 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively. Values beyond these upper and lower bounds are outliers represented by dots above or below the whiskers. F statistics for treatment, genotype, genotype:treatment, respectively, are as follows: 2018: 94.94, 8.27, 39.55; 2020: 2.13, 2.91, 0.47; 2021: 0.77, 11.94, 2.37; 2022: 3.34, 13.86, 2.47, with the corresponding degrees of freedom being 2018: 2, 2, 4; 2020: 2, 2, 4; 2021: 2, 3, 6; 2022 2, 3, 6. For confidence intervals, see Supplementary Data File 1. df, degrees of freedom.