Extended Data Fig. 9: Regional and molecular diversity of glial and neuronal subtypes in the developing human brain.
From: Scalable single-cell total RNA sequencing unifies coding and noncoding transcriptomics
a. UMAP embedding of excitatory and inhibitory neuron subtypes, colored by cell type. Major cell types include Cajal-Retzius cells, postnatal neurons, deep and upper-layer excitatory neurons (EN), interneurons from MGE, CGE, and LGE origins (for example, IN-MGE-SST, IN-CGE-VIP, IN-LGE-FOXP1), and radial glia (RG), reflecting broad neuronal lineage heterogeneity. b. Bar plot showing regional contributions to each neuronal subtype. Bars represent the fraction of cells per region for each annotated neuronal cell type. c. UMAP embedding of glial subtypes, including astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, OPCs, OPC-proliferating cells, and RG-like progenitors. d. Bar plot showing regional contributions to each glial cell type. As in (b), bars indicate the fraction of cells derived from each brain region. e. Diffusion map of the glial lineage, showing trajectories from RG to mature OPCs, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Top: Expression gradients of canonical markers (for example, AQP4, PDGFRA) across the lineage. Bottom: Pseudotime-colored embedding with annotations of cell type transitions. f. Heatmaps showing expression of selected coding and non-coding RNA markers across astrocytes, OPCs, and oligodendrocytes that change along the pseudotime trajectory. Rows represent genes; columns represent cells ordered by pseudotime (100 bins). Color bars denote pseudotime, consistent with panel (e).
