Fig. 4: Association of selection with infiltrating T cell fraction.

a, Volcano plot showing results from a Poisson model predicting observed nonsynonymous mutations as a function of TCRA T cell fraction and other covariates (age, tumor mutation burden, sex and disease type). The plot shows the estimates and −log₁₀(P) for the TCRA variable, highlighting genes where observed mutations significantly depend on T cell immune infiltration (hot tumors denote high levels of immune cell infiltration; cold tumors lack immune cell infiltration). Point size represents the number of patients in the cancer cohort with nonsynonymous mutations, excluding patients with hematological cancers. Genes tested were limited to known cancer drivers from the Cancer Gene Census⁴⁷. b, Bubble plot showing the significance of TCRA infiltrating T cell fraction within a Poisson model applied to individual cancer types. In both plots (a,b), P values represent the significance of the TCRA T cell fraction term in the Poisson model and are calculated using a Wald test.