Fig. 1: Chromosome-level assembly of the migratory locust.

a, Summary of sequencing datasets in this study. b, Heatmap showing frequency of Hi-C contacts along the migratory locust genome assembly. c, Identification of the X chromosome using the chromosome quotient method. The X chromosome was identified by aligning the ~30X DNA-seq data from both male and female locusts to the genome assembly. To calculate the read coverage, the chromosomes were split into 30-Mb bins. The bin numbers for chromosomes 1–11 and X are 40, 33, 27, 24, 20, 18, 16, 16, 5, 4, 3 and 27, respectively. Boxplots indicate the median (center line), the first and third quartiles (box limits) and whiskers extending to 1.5× the interquartile range. d, Characterization of locust chromosomes. Embryos of the migratory locust were subjected to chromosome characterization using Hoechst 33342 nucleic acid stain; n = 1 independent biological replicates for demonstration purpose. e, The percentage distribution of satellite DNA sequences along locust chromosomes. Because centromeric satellite DNAs show a typical size greater than 100 bp, short tandem repeats with monomer lengths <100 bp were excluded from this analysis. The chromosomes were divided by partitioning into 1-Mb bins. f, FISH of the satellite DNA LmCentro188. The signal probe for LmCentro188 is conjugated with Alexa Fluor 488, and the chromosomes were labeled using Hoechst nucleic acid staining; n = 2 independent biological replicates.