Fig. 3: Dural sinuses are regional hubs for meningeal antitumor immunosurveillance.

a, Immunohistochemistry of CD3⁺ T cells, IBA1⁺ macrophages and CD31⁺ endothelium at key regions of immunosurveillance in the dura mater in tumor-bearing and control mice. b,c, Quantification of numbers (b) and proportions (c) of CD3⁺, CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells at dural sinus and nonsinus in EP^ZFTA-RELA-bearing and control mice. d, Flow cytometry quantification of the proportion of vascular (CD45 i.v.⁺) or parenchymal (CD45 i.v.⁻) CD3⁺ T cells in EP^ZFTA-RELA-bearing and control mice; n = 6. e, Immunohistochemistry of MHC-II⁺IBA1⁺ macrophages in sagittal sinus, transverse sinus and nonsinus regions of the dura mater. f,g, Quantification of proportions of IBA1⁺ cells that coexpressed MHC-II (f) and the percentage area coverage of IBA1 immunoreactivity (g) in the nonsinus and perisinus regions in EP^ZFTA-RELA-bearing mice (n = 6 per group; mean ± s.e.m.; unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test). h, Flow cytometry analysis and quantification of proportions of immune cell types in the dura (n indicates the average of 12 mice per group). i, Quantification of meningeal CD4⁺IFNγ⁺ T cells in tumor-bearing and control mice (n = 8 mice per group, 3 independent experiments). j, Quantification of IFNγ in culture supernatants following ex vivo stimulation of dural whole mounts (n = 10 mice per group, 2 independent experiments). k, Flow cytometry analysis and quantification of T cell phenotypes; T_H1, T_reg, T_H2 and T_H17 cells in the meningeal dura mater of EP^ZFTA-RELA-bearing and control mice (n = 6; mean ± s.e.m.; one-way ANOVA with Šídák’s test).