Fig. 5: Functional avidity and clonotype expansion of NP105–113-B*07:02-specific T cells.

a, Functional avidity of T cell clones by TRBV groups. NP105–113-B*07:02-specific T cell clones (n = 60) were derived from four convalescent patients with COVID-19 and functional avidity (EC50) was measured by IFN-γ ELISpot assay. On the basis of their TRBV gene usage and CDR3β sequences, T cell clones and their single-cell counterparts were sorted into 18 distinct groups, and further divided into high or low functional avidity groups (cut-off EC50 = 0.11). The lower and upper hinges of the box on box plots represent the 25–75th percentiles, the central line represents the median, and the whiskers extend to the maximum and minimum values. b, Heatmap showing differential gene expression comparing ‘pseudobulk’ high and low functional avidity single cells (88 high-avidity cells and 52 low-avidity cells; the genes shown have adjusted P < 0.05). c, Comparison of functional avidity and expansion of TCR clonotypes (defined as TRBV gene usage and CDR3β sequence in each patient) in convalescent patients with mild and severe COVID-19 (n = 4).