Extended Data Fig. 10: 10: Bat type I/III IFN drive antiviral responses with different kinetic profiles in bat SI^ORG or Nasal^ORG.

a, Experimental workflow to assess the temporal induction and maintenance of ISG expression. Bat Nasal^ORG or SI^ORG are treated with universal IFNα2 (uIFNα2) or bat IFNλ1-like for 3 hours, followed by washout and incubation in IFN-free medium for 24 hours. b, Heatmaps showing RT-qPCR analysis of selected ISGs in bat SI^ORG (n = 3), with expression values calculated using the 2 ^-ΔΔCT method: first normalized to EEF1A1 (2^–ΔCT), then to baseline levels at −3 h (before treatment). Timepoints shown include before IFN treatment (−3 h), immediately after treatment (0 h), and various hours post-interferon removal (+6h, +24h). Each heatmap value represents the average normalized ISG expression across three biological replicates. Left, uIFNα2. Right, IFNλ1-like treatment. c, same as in (b) but for bat nasal^ORG. d, RT-qPCR analysis of IFIT1 (normalized to EEF1A1(2^–ΔCT), then expressed as a percentage relative to the average sgScrambled control in bat nasal^ORG engineered with Cas9 and a targeted guide RNA (sgIRF9, sgIFNAR2 or sgIFNLR1) or control guide RNA (sgScrambled) (n = 3 each), treated or not for 8 h with uIFNα2 or bat IFNλ1-like.