Extended Data Fig. 4: scRNA-seq analysis of InsB12-20- and InsB12-20(C19S)-specific CD4+ T cells in NOD mice.

a, GSEA showing enrichment of cluster 2 for early priming signatures from dataset GSE114824. b, Pie charts depicting the distribution of indicated clusters among InsB12-20-specific, InsB12-20(C19S)-specific, and Tet⁻ CD4+ T cells. c, GSEA showing enrichment of cluster 3 for TFH cell signatures from dataset GSE225724. d, Volcano plots showing the high expression of effector T cell genes in clusters 5 and 6 relative to the naïve T cell cluster 1. e, CDR3α and CDR3β amino acid sequences of the three most expanded clonotypes among InsB12-20(C19S):I-Ag7 tetramer-binding CD4⁺ T cells.