Fig. 3: Persistent activation of IL-6 and JAK-STAT signaling pathways in the 2020–2021 cohort.
From: Long COVID involves activation of proinflammatory and immune exhaustion pathways
a,b, Upregulated IL-6, IL-6-JAK-STAT3, JAK-STAT and JAK1 signaling pathways at day 90–180 (a) and more than 180 days (b) after SARS-CoV-2 infection in the LC group compared with the CC group. The top genes driving the enrichment of each pathway are shown in the red circles. The x axis represents each gene’s rank in the gene list, while the y axis shows the corresponding gene rank metric score. c, Gene interaction network analysis showing the top leading genes for the IL-6 and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. The edges represent the Spearman correlation between genes (P < 0.05). Hub genes with a high number of correlated genes are represented by larger circles.
