Fig. 5: Transcriptomic differences between LC and CC groups in the 2023–2024 cohort.
From: Long COVID involves activation of proinflammatory and immune exhaustion pathways
a, Symptom prevalence in individuals with LC (n = 18) or individuals who recovered (CC, n = 20) in the 2023–2024 cohort. b, Dot plots of NES in LC compared to CC groups at day 90–180 after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Upregulated pathways are shown in red; downregulated pathways are shown as blue gradients. Dot size indicates the NES. The color gradient indicates a GSEA FDR of q < 0.05. c,d, IL-6R plasma level measured using ELISA (c) and MSD (d) assays in LC (n = 18), CC (n = 13) and naive UCs (n = 13) at day 90–180, more than 90 days and more than 180 days after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Dots represent participants; the red horizontal bars indicate the group medians. A two-sided Kruskal–Wallis tests with post hoc pairwise comparisons using Dunn’s test with Bonferroni correction was used. Padj values are shown.
