Supplementary Figure 3: Effects of acute drug treatment on spontaneous single-unit firing properties.

(A) Single unit recordings were obtained during presentation of a grey screen in awake, head-fixed mice. V1 firing rates were measured at baseline (open circles) and 20 minutes after drug administration i.p. (filled circles). Diazepam and THIP decreased, and flumazenil increased, spontaneous firing rate. *P≤0.001, #P=0.002, 2-tailed Wilcoxon signed rank test. Vehicle injection did not alter spontaneous firing rate (Z(15)=0.646, P=0.528). Sample size is indicated as (units, mice). (B) To demonstrate the long-lasting effects of a single drug injection i.p., single unit recordings were made from V1 under isoflurane anesthesia. Diazepam decreased and flumazenil increased (4 units, 4 mice per group) spontaneous neuronal firing rates for at least 2h after the injection. The dotted gray line indicates baseline firing rate for reference. *P≤0.001 vs. −30 minute time point, One-way repeated measures ANOVA with Holm-Sidak post-hoc test. Sample size is shown as (units, mice). (C,D) Single unit firing properties during acute drug administration. Diazepam and THIP decreased, and flumazenil increased, both spontaneous bursting (C; 2-tailed paired t test) and the inter-burst firing rate (D, 2-tailed Wilcoxon signed rank test). *P≤0.001, #P=0.002. Vehicle injection did not alter these parameters (bursting, 2-tailed paired t test t(15)=−0.313, P=0.759; inter-burst firing rate, 2-tailed Wilcoxon signed rank test Z(15)=0.267, P=0.831. Sample size as shown in (A). For all panels, individual unit firing parameters at each time point are connected by grey lines. Colored symbols and lines indicate the mean and error bars represent SEM