Extended Data Fig. 8: Phenotypes induced by PU photo-stimulation beyond egg expulsion.

a, Timing that burrowing stopped after completed egg expulsion in no-light control events (control, n = 83 events) and after light offset in stimulation events where burrowing persisted throughout photo-stimulation (stim, n = 93). Here and in e and f, box bounds, 25th and 75th percentile; red line, median; whiskers, 5th and 95th percentile; o, data from individual events; +, outliers. n.s., p > 0.05, two-sided Wilcoxon rank sum test (Supplementary Table 7). b, Time course of annotated behaviors for no light control events. c, Time courses of annotated behaviors for three stimulus conditions. Left: burrowing persisted throughout photo-stimulation. Right: burrowing stopped during photo-stimulation. Red bar above each plot, period of photo-stimulation. d, Fraction of events where burrowing was re-initiated within 65 s of egg expulsion in control and three stimulus conditions. For stimulation groups, fraction plotted separately for events where burrowing persisted throughout photo-stimulation (persist), and events where burrowing stopped during photo-stimulation (stop). Events defined as reverting in the sequence if burrowing was re-initiated within 65 s of egg expulsion. ***p < 0.001, two-sided Fisher’s exact test (Supplementary Table 7). e, Number of aberrant burrowing episodes after egg expulsion for events where burrowing stopped during photo-stimulation for all three stimulus conditions. Episode defined as aberrant if occurring within 65 s of egg expulsion or a previous aberrant episode. f, Onset timing of last aberrant burrowing episode expressed after egg expulsion for events where burrowing stopped during photo-stimulation and the fly reverted in the sequence, plotted for all three stimulus conditions. Last aberrant episode after the fly reverted in the sequence defined as the first episode preceding a 65-s window devoid of burrowing behavior. Light offset during an aberrant burrow episode significantly increased the probability of progressing to reset: 14 of 33 aberrant burrow episodes that spanned light offset progressed to reset compared to 0 of 106 episodes that stopped before light offset and 93 of 457 episodes that started after light offset (p = 1.40×10⁻¹⁰, p = 0.0048 comparing group 1 to group 2 or group 3, respectively, one-sided Fisher’s exact test).