Extended Data Fig. 9: Purkinje cell simple spike and complex spike activities.

a. Population selectivity (mean ± s.e.m. across neurons) of Purkinje cells in input-dominant regions and output-dominant regions. Selectivity of simple spikes (SS) or complex spikes (CS) in correct trials (black) and error trials (red). Purkinje cells with significant SS selectivity during the delay epoch. Same as in Fig. 7b. Trial type preference is determined by SS activity during the delay epoch in correct trials. b. Fraction of Purkinje cells with significant trial-type selectivity in SS or CS during specific task epochs. Left, selectivity in SS activity. Right, selectivity in CS activity. Fraction is calculated using all recorded Purkinje cells across cerebellar cortex, not limited to conjunction, input-dominant, or output-dominant regions. c. Population selectivity (mean ± s.e.m. across neurons) of Purkinje cells with significant selectivity in CS activity during the delay epoch. Selectivity of SS or CS in correct trials (black) and error trials (red). Trial type preference is determined by CS activity in correct trials. d. SS activity of different Purkinje cell populations defined by CS response profiles as in Fig. 7c. Left, SS activity of individual Purkinje cells within each population. Right, population SS activity and CS activity (mean ± s.e.m.) of each population in correct (black) and error trials (red). CS activity is the same as Fig. 7c replotted here for comparison. PSTHs were normalized by calculating the z-scored spike rate relative to the baseline spike rate before the sample epoch. e. CS activity differences between correct (red) and error (black) trials for cluster 5 and 6 during the response epoch are correlated with differences in licking movement. Top, CS activity from panel d replotted here for comparison. Bottom, lick rate in correct and error trials recorded simultaneously with the spiking activity.