Fig. 1: Multi-attribute information choice task for humans and monkeys.

a,b, Choice procedure during the multi-attribute information choice tasks for humans (a) and monkeys (b). Each offer had four bars indicating the possible reward outcomes, with the height of each bar indicating the reward size and a color indicating whether it would provide an informative cue indicating the outcome. c, Examples showing offers that differ in several attributes, including expected reward (E[r]), uncertainty (Unc[r]) and informativeness (Info versus Noinfo). d, Info offers granted access to informative cues indicating the upcoming reward outcome (red), whereas Noinfo offers did not (blue). For the monkey task shown here, all offers also had a final reveal shortly before outcome delivery to allow animals to physically prepare to consume the juice rewards in all trials. e, The human population assigned positive subjective value to info. A psychometric curve measured the subjective value of information based on the choice of Info versus Noinfo offers (y axis) as a function of the difference in their expected reward (x axis) computed using all n = 565 human participants. Data are shown as mean ± s.e. (too small to see). The curve and shaded area are the best-fitting logistic function ± bootstrap s.e. (n = 200 bootstraps). The text indicates the subjective value of information implied by the curve’s indifference point and its bootstrap s.e. f, Same as in e for one example animal (animal R).