Extended Data Fig. 10: Effect of dopaminergic neuron activation during auditory stimulus processing in ventral striatum.

a. Top: Experimental approach. Bottom: task schematic in which neutral auditory tone trials (T) are compared to laser-paired tone trials (T + L). b. Fractional fluorescence change signal from one Chrimson-expressing mouse (top) and one opsin-free control mouse (bottom) on tone (T) and laser-paired tone (T + L) trials (mean ± SEM). c. Percentage of neurons per animal that were selective for T versus T + L trials, as a function of dopamine tone amplification factor (an amplification factor of one corresponds to tone-matched dopamine levels). n = 4 Chrimson-expressing and 2 control mice (Pearson r = 0.8, P = 0.18). Dashed line represents the highest value seen in the control data. d. Maximum decoder accuracy per animal, as a function of dopamine tone amplification factor. The decoder was trained using 50 neurons to discriminate R from R + L trials. n = 4 Chrimson-expressing and 2 control mice (Pearson r = 0.9, P = 0.12). Dashed line represents the highest value seen in the control data. e. Mean firing rate of two putative MSNs on T and T + L trials. Data are from the supra-reward condition (mice exhibiting over 80 % decoding accuracy in panel d). Data represent mean ± SEM. f. Top: Selectivity index of 226 neurons pooled across 2 Chrimson-expressing mice. Bottom: Percentage of neurons that were significantly selective for T versus T + L trials, as a function of time. Data are from the supra-reward condition (mice exhibiting over 80 % decoding accuracy in panel d).