Fig. 2: Multimodal data processing and analysis pipeline.

a, Neurophysiological data were preprocessed, source imaged, frequency-transformed and averaged per canonical frequency bands (delta, 2–4 Hz; theta, 5–7 Hz; alpha, 8–12 Hz and beta, 15–29 Hz) and within each of the 68 cortical regions-of-interest (ROI) from the Desikan–Killiany atlas. PET images were preprocessed to obtain standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) maps, which were then averaged within each cortical region of the same atlas across the whole brain (Aβ) or within temporal lobe ROIs (entorhinal cortex and temporal meta-ROI) for tau. b, Nested LME models were used to test for the main effect of Aβ deposition on neurophysiological activity, as well as the interactive between-participants effect of temporal tau deposition on this association. c, To assess impacts on cognitive performance, the correlation between Aβ and neurophysiological spectral power was estimated to test whether the interaction of this relationship with tau deposition across individuals related to longitudinal declines in attention and memory.