Extended Data Fig. 2: Bright light treatment suppressed food consumption across both female and male mice. Related to Fig. 1.
a, Schematic of the experimental design in female and male mice. b, 1-h food intake test, food intake assessed following 23-h food-restriction (FR) in female mice exposed to different intensities of light treatment (LT, 0~5,000 lux) (n = 11 mice, 0 lux vs. 200 lux P > 0.9999, 200 lux vs. 1,000 lux P = 0.2456, 200 lux vs. 3,000 lux P = 0.0003, 200 lux vs. 5,000 lux P = 0.0034). c, 1-h (left) or 6-h (right) food intake in FR female and male mice exposed to room light (RL, 200 lux) or bright light (BL, 3,000 lux) (n = 8 mice; 1 h food intake, Female-RL vs. Female-BL P < 0.0001, Female-RL vs. Male-RL P = 0.4845, Male-RL vs. Male-BL P = 0.0003; 6 h food intake, Female-RL vs. Female-BL P = 0.0006, Female-RL vs. Male-RL P = 0.9878, Male-RL vs. Male-BL P = 0.0137). d, Food intake assessed in chow-fed female mice exposure to different intensities of LT (n = 8 mice, 0 lux vs. 200 lux P > 0.9999, 200 lux vs. 1000 lux P = 0.7929, 200 lux vs. 3,000 lux P = 0.0201, 200 lux vs. 5,000 lux P = 0.0246). e-g, Changes in food intake during the daytime (e) and the nighttime (f, RL vs. BL P = 0.8787) of chow-fed female mice under exposure to RL or BL, comparison of percentage body weight change after RL or BL exposure 5 days (g, RL vs. BL P = 0.0021); n = 8 mice. h, k, Schematic of the experimental design for EEG or EMG recording during 2-h bright light exposure (h) or following 5 days of bright light exposure (k). i, Representative EEG and EMG spectrograms of mice in RL and BL groups. j, The quantitation analysis on the time of NREM, WAKE and REM (n = 6 mice; NREM, RL vs. BL P = 0.9977; WAKE, RL vs. BL P = 0.9986, REM, RL vs. BL P > 0.9999). l-o, Time course changes of Wakefulness (l, left), NREM (m, left) and REN (n, left), total wake (l, middle; RL vs. BL P = 0.5339), NREM (m, middle; RL vs. BL P = 0.7725) and REM (n, middle; RL vs. BL P = 0.6637) amounts during the whole day (24-h), total wake (l, right; Light, RL vs. BL P = 0.9989; Dark, RL vs. BL P = 0.8492), NERM (m, right; RL vs. BL P = 0.9381; Dark, RL vs. BL P = 0.9998) and REM (n, right; RL vs. BL P = 0.9387; Dark, RL vs. BL P = 0.9959) amounts during light phase (7 AM-7 PM) and dark phase (7 PM-7 AM), number of transitions between different pair of brain states during the whole day (24-h, o; NREM, RL vs. BL P > 0.9999; WAKE, RL vs. BL P > 0.9999, REM, RL vs. BL P > 0.9999) of mice in RL and BL groups; n = 6 mice. One-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple-comparisons test was used in b, c, and d. Two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple-comparisons test was used in e, and f, j, l (right), m (right), n (right) and o. Two-tailed unpaired t-test was used in g, l (middle), m (middle), and n (middle). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.001; ***P < 0.0001; ns, no significant difference. All error bars indicate the mean ± s.e.m. Detailed statistical information is available in Supplementary Table 1.
