Supplementary Figure 6: Image processing of the Cdc48–UN complex in the presence of ADP.
From: Structure of the Cdc48 ATPase with its ubiquitin-binding cofactor Ufd1–Npl4

a, An area of a cryo-EM image of a vitrified sample is shown with some particles circled. Scale bar: 50 nm. b, Selected 2D class averages obtained with RELION-1.4. Side length of individual averages: 33 nm. c, Initial 3D map obtained with RELION-1.4. d, Image-processing workflow for 3D classification and refinement in RELION-1.4 that yielded a density map at 6.7 Å resolution. Asterisks (*) indicate 3D classes that consist of particles with their N domains in the up-conformation. Daggers (†) indicate 3D classes that consist of particles with an extra density near an N domain that may attribute to the UBX-like domain of Npl4. See Methods section for details.