Extended Data Fig. 5: Translation impact on bacterial chromosome folding.

a, Schematic view of the polysome extraction experiment. b, c, Gel migration of the different fractions for polysome extraction without EDTA (b), and with EDTA (c) (ladder: GeneRuler 1 kb Plus DNA Ladder). d, Relative enrichment along the chromosome as a function of polysome extraction fraction number. e, Magnification of the Hi-C contact map of the E. coli carrying T7 promoter facing the origin (oriented from left to right). f, Corresponding z-transformed signals of the short range Hi-C signal, T7 RNA polymerase ChIP-seq, transcription and translation. g, h, Gene expression upstream (yaiS) and downstream (codB) of the T7 promoter lacZ system with or without STOP codons based on GFP fluorescence (g) and growth of the corresponding strains (h). i, Bacterial colony dilution with pT7lacZ repressed on the left and expressed on the right. j, Contact map of the bacteria carrying a T7 promoter lacZ system with two stop codons into the lacZ gene. k, Log2 ratio between the contact map with the lacZ2xSTOP system over the contact map with the WT lacZ. l, Contact map of the bacteria carrying a T7 promoter lacZ system treated with chloramphenicol. m, Log2 ratio between the contact map treated over the untreated.