Table 2 Commonly used data acquisition settings for IMOS Bioacoustics sub-Facility platforms.

From: Sounding out life in the deep using acoustic data from ships of opportunity

Frequency (kHz)

Transmit power (W)

Pulse duration (ms)

Ping rate

Logging range (m)

18

2000

2.048

Maximum

0–1800

38

2000

2.048

Maximum

0–1800

70

700

2.048

Maximum

0–1800

120

250

1.024

Maximum

0–1800

  1. Note that high-frequency 70 and 120 kHz echosounders are not capable of recording high-quality biological scattering down to 1800 m range. This logging range was set to provide robust estimates of echosounder background noise levels with a presumption that at far ranges the noise will be dominating over the biological scattering due to beam spreading and absorption losses. The absorption of sound in water increases rapidly with frequency and high-frequency echosounders are limited to short ranges.
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