Fig. 2
Characteristics of the gut microbiota profile in children with HFMD compared to that in healthy children. (a–c) Alpha diversity. Comparison the diversity of high-abundant bacteria (the Shannon and Simpson indice) and high-abundant bacteria (the Tail statistic) in the two groups (P < 0.05, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests). (d) Coverage of the detected faecal bacterial communities in the different groups. The red line represents the control group, and the blue line represents the HFMD group. Each vertical bar represents the standard error. (e,f) Principal coordinate analysis based on Bray‒Curtis distance and UniFrac distance showing patterns of separation in the bacterial communities between the two groups. PC1 and PC2 represent the top two principal coordinates, and the explanation of diversity is expressed as a percentage. Each point represents a single sample and is coloured based on the group. (g) Average relative abundance of the predominant bacterial taxa in each group at the genus level. (h) Differential bacterial taxonomy abundance between the groups was identified using linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) (LDA > 3). LDA, linear discriminant analysis.
