Table 3 Data source of grazing influence factors.

Precipitation

1982–2015

—

Textfile

https://data.cma.cn/

Temperature

Radiation

Soil moisture

2000–2015

0.25°

NetCDF

https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/

Soil pH

—

30 arc seconds

GeoTIFF

https://data.tpdc.ac.cn/zh-hans/^54,55

Soil available N

Soil available P

Soil available K

NDVI

1982–2015

0.083°

NetCDF

https://ecocast.arc.nasa.gov/data/pub/gimms/3g.v1/

Distance to river

2015

90 m

GeoTIFF

Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Residential area density

2015

—

Shapefile

https://data.tpdc.ac.cn/zh-hans/

Pasture suitability

2005

10 km

GeoTIFF

https://data.apps.fao.org/map/catalog

Topographic relief

2010

90 m

GeoTIFF

https://www.usgs.gov/

Nature reserves

2015

—

Shapefile

Collected from relevant government departments