Fig. 11

Components of the MUSE (ModUlar energy system Simulation Environment) ResidentiAl Spatial Agent (RASA), MUSE-RASA model. The algorithm of agent-based modelling is presented along with a combination of spatially resolved and time-explicit agents globally. This approach captures the heterogeneity, diversity, evolution, decision-making process, and exogenous constraints of each agent defined in this study.