Table 2 Optimized values of the XGB hyper-parameters.

From: Sea-surface pCO2 maps for the Bay of Bengal based on advanced machine learning algorithms

Hyper-parameters

Range or Options

Optimized Value

lambda

0–1.0

0.8634

alpha

0-1

0.2574

subsample

0-1

0.6920

Booster

gbtree/gblinear/dart

gbtree

colsample_bytree

0-1

0.6460

max_depth

10–100 (step = 1)

93

min_child_weight

1–100

36

learning_rate

1 Ă— e-08-1

0.0001

gamma

1 Ă— e-08-1

5.546 Ă— e-07

n_estimators

100–150 (step = 1)

131

grow_policy

depthwise/lossguide

lossguide