Fig. 4
Data enhancement methods. (a) Original image: The original image of a construction waste landfill. (b) Brightening by 50%: The brightness of the original image is increased by 50%. (c) Darkening by 50%: The brightness of the original image is decreased by 50%. (d) Mirroring: The original image is flipped horizontally, resulting in a mirrored image. (e) Introducing Gaussian noise: A small amount of Gaussian noise is added to the original image, creating a slightly distorted version. (f) Random scaling: The original image is randomly scaled up or down, resulting in a larger or smaller version of the image.
