Table 3 Microwave bands and indices derived from S1 and used for LULC classification.

From: European Union crop map 2022: Earth observation’s 10-meter dive into Europe’s crop tapestry

Feature Name

Description

Microwave features

VV: Single co-polarization, vertical transmit/vertical receive

VH: Dual-band cross-polarization, vertical transmit/horizontal receive

VV/VH: The ratio between the VV polarization and the VH polarization

VV-VH: The difference between the VV and the VH polarizations

RVI: \(\frac{{\boldsymbol{4}}{{\boldsymbol{\sigma }}}_{{\boldsymbol{VH}}}^{{\bf{0}}}}{{{\boldsymbol{\sigma }}}_{{\boldsymbol{VV}}}^{{\bf{0}}}+{{\boldsymbol{\sigma }}}_{{\boldsymbol{VH}}}^{{\bf{0}}}}\)

NDPI: \(\frac{{{\boldsymbol{\sigma }}}_{{\boldsymbol{VV}}}^{{\bf{0}}}-{{\boldsymbol{\sigma }}}_{{\boldsymbol{VH}}}^{{\bf{0}}}}{{{\boldsymbol{\sigma }}}_{{\boldsymbol{VV}}}^{{\bf{0}}}+{{\boldsymbol{\sigma }}}_{{\boldsymbol{VH}}}^{{\bf{0}}}}\)

DPSVIm: \(\frac{{{\boldsymbol{\sigma }}}_{{\boldsymbol{VV}}}^{{\bf{0}}}\ast {{\boldsymbol{\sigma }}}_{{\boldsymbol{VV}}}^{{\bf{0}}}+{{\boldsymbol{\sigma }}}_{{\boldsymbol{VV}}}^{{\bf{0}}}\ast {{\boldsymbol{\sigma }}}_{{\boldsymbol{VH}}}^{{\bf{0}}}}{\sqrt{{\boldsymbol{2}}}}\)