Table 1 Publicly available oral datasets.

From: A multimodal dental dataset facilitating machine learning research and clinic services

Dataset

Number of image

Whether the data is paired

Objective of the study

Tooth classification

Updated

Year

CT (3D)

PaX-ray (2D)

PeX-ray (2D)

missing teeth

denture

irregular

implanted teeth

TDD26

/

1000

/

/

propel the development of AI-powered automated abnormality detection and classification in dental panoramic radiographs, enhance tooth segmentation algorithms, and the ability to distill the radiologist’s expertise into AI.

/

/

/

/

/

2021

VSD27

30

/

/

/

the Virtual Skeleton Database (VSD) is proposed as a centralized storage system where the data necessary to build statistical shape models can be stored and shared.

/

/

/

/

yes

2013

Ref. 1

/

/

926

/

identify and locate carious regions from dental images.

/

/

/

/

/

2022

Ref. 44

/

95

/

/

presents a fast and accurate method for automatic segmentation of mandible in panoramic radiographs.

/

/

/

/

/

2015

Ref. 45

/

400

120

/

presents benchmarks for a number of challenging tasks in dental X-ray image analysis.

/

/

/

/

/

2018

The multimodal dental dataset29

329

8

16,203

yes

publication of CBCT data of 169 patients with different oral problems and matching data of three modalities to facilitate the research of oral medicine.

142

198

9

96

yes

2024

  1. / stands for unavailable or not mentioned.