Table 4 Description of the provided data files at Zenodo23 (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15212569), including column name, explanation as well as its range or group.

From: Data on yield and soil parameters of three diverse tilled long-term experimental sites in Austria (2018–2022)

Column heading

Groups/ Range

Site_Name

Fuchsenbigl (FB); Gross-Enzersdorf (GE); Rutzendorf (MUBIL)

Farm_Category

Divides sites into “organic” or “conventional” operating fields

Crop_Name

Site-specific crop rotation at crop type level

Tillage_Treatment

Site-specific treatment with tillage following the gradients: No till (direct seeding); Minimum tillage; Reduced tillage or Conventional tillage

Sampling_Date

Date of sampling

Soil_Horizon

Displays the sampled soil horizon: Fuchsenbigl: 0–10; 10–20; 20–30; 30–40; 40–60; 60–80; 80–100; Gross-Enzersdorf: 0–5; 5–10; 10–15; 15–20; 20–25; 25–30; 30–40; 40–50; Rutzendorf: 0–15; 15–30;

Crop_Yield; Total_Nitrogen; Total_Organic_Carbon; C_N

Analyzed parameters at all three sites

_Unit

Corresponding unit of the analysed parameters

_Method

Corresponding method of analysis

Management_Type

Agricultural management is assigned to a type such as Seeding; Mowing; Harvest; Fertilization; Plant protection; Irrigation; Tillage

Experimental_Unit

Whether the agricultural management practice is applied on the whole (i.e seeding, harvest) or on the subplot (tillage). The tillage practice is further divided by the column Tillage_Treatment

Management_Date

Date of agricultural management

Management_Description

Further description of the applied agricultural management