Fig. 11
From: Dataset on occupant behavior, indoor environment, and energy use before and after dormitory retrofit
This figure shows the Heating Degree Day (HDD)-normalized HVAC energy usage before and after the retrofit for each dorm. After the retrofit, the buildings used heat pumps with a COP close to 4, resulting in an 80% reduction in average energy use. Before the retrofit, buildings relied on electric baseboard heaters with an effective COP of 1.
