Fig. 2
From: Deep learning-based reconstruction of monthly Antarctic surface air temperatures from 1979 to 2023

Geographical distribution of observational data in Antarctica (southward of 60°S) from 1979 to 2023. The map shows the locations of various observation stations: GHCN-d weather stations (1979–2023) (yellow dots); Antarctic AWS (1980–2023) (dark blue dots); ICOADS observations over the ocean (silver dots); observations from Italian Antarctic weather stations (1987–2023) (light blue dots); observations from the Australian Antarctic Division (1982–2022) (dark green dots); observations from the PANDA automatic weather station network (1989–2021) (red dots); observations from AntAWS (1980–2021) (little purple dots), and observations from READER (1979–2023) (orange dots). The daily observations from the stations marked with red circles are used for validating the reconstructed Antarctic SAT.