Fig. 3
From: Deep learning-based reconstruction of monthly Antarctic surface air temperatures from 1979 to 2023

Reconstruction of Antarctic SATs on January 1, July 1 and November 1, 2015, using the trained DLM on the testing set. Panels (a,d,j) show the SATs from ERA5, ERA-Interim and MERRA-2 at the observational locations, serving as inputs for the trained DLM. Panels (b,e,h) display the reconstructed SATs with the trained DLM. Panels (c,f,i) present target SATs from ERA5, ERA-Interim and MERRA-2, respectively. The sets of panels (a–c), (d–f) and (j–i) correspond to Antarctic SATs from ERA5 (January 1, 2015), ERA-Interim (July 1, 2015), and MERRA-2 (November 1, 2015), respectively.