Table 3 Comparison of mean bioconcentration factors (BCFs) of root, stem, and leaf observations in spiked and polluted soils by species and element, restricted to comparisons where the minimum number of observations (n) was ≥10.

From: Remediating toxic elements with sunflower, hemp, castor bean, & bamboo: an open dataset of harmonized variables

Species

Element

Mean BCF (spiked)

n (spiked)

Mean BCF (polluted)

n (polluted)

p

Castor bean

Cd

5.93

189

10.43

54

NS

Castor bean

Cu

0.27

27

0.83

67

*

Castor bean

Pb

1.83

66

0.32

74

NS

Hemp

As

1.34

51

0.45

21

***

Hemp

Cd

6.90

109

1.13

76

***

Hemp

Cr

0.31

28

5.23

49

***

Hemp

Cu

10.08

57

0.99

76

***

Hemp

Pb

17.14

84

0.62

55

*

Sunflower

Cd

5.85

271

1.89

249

***

Sunflower

Cr

24.45

271

0.29

82

***

Sunflower

Cu

2.57

57

0.42

158

***

Sunflower

Pb

0.30

237

0.97

268

**

  1. p values: < 0.001: ***; < 0.01: **, < 0.05: *; and > 0.05: Not significant (NS).
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