Table 1 Types of entities mentioned in DebatES.

From: Annotated Spanish general election debate transcriptions 1993-2023

Type

Definition

Person

Names of public figures, such as national and international politicians, journalists, economists, etc.

Organization

Public and private organizations, associations, and institutions. Includes governing bodies, administrations, and companies, among others.

Location

Geographical and administrative places including cities, countries, regions, and other points of interest around the world, including buildings or specific addresses within cities. Also includes mentions related to locations, such as languages or demonyms, among others.

Economy

Mentions of aspects related to the economy, such as growth, employment, investment, financial policy, social protection. Also includes fiscal issues: taxes, reforms, and fiscal justice.

Ideology

Terms describing different schools of thought, movements, and political positions, such as communism, liberalism, and socialism. Also covers political movements and parties, like the pro-independence left and Catalan republicans, as well as concepts related to the organization of the state and society, such as self-determination and constitutionalism. Also includes terms related to each of these currents or political positions, in the sense that they are elements championed by these movements or that generate discord between antagonistic positions.

Law

Legal norms and laws regulating various aspects of social, political, and economic life in a country. They include constitutions, statutes of autonomy, specific laws on topics like education, health, equality, and human rights, as well as penal and civil codes, and international treaties. In addition to direct mentions, references to proposals, judicial processes, application, and consequences of laws are included.

Media

Media outlets, media groups, television and radio programs, digital platforms, and entities related to the dissemination of information.

Party

Names of political parties, coalitions, and political formations that have existed or currently exist, primarily in the Spanish context.

Public & Social Issues

Includes terms related to social welfare and the development of citizenship through essential public services and support policies. Covers health, education, transportation, social protection, security, and infrastructure, as well as policies on equality, labor rights, access to housing, pension system, immigration, work-life balance, poverty reduction, and quality of life. Mentions of problems related to these issues are included.