Table 1 Effects of Panel Participation on Response Behavior.

From: The AUTNES Online Panel Study 2017–2024: A Dataset of Austrian Voter Attitudes and Behavior

 

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

Attention Check: Failed

Item Non-Response

Straight-lining

Attitude Extremity

Speeding

Interview Duration

Self-Reported Diligence

Number of waves

−0.003**

0.000

0.001

−0.002

−0.001

3.217

0.004

(0.001)

(0.002)

(0.001)

(0.001)

(0.001)

(3.910)

(0.002)

N

2715

2801

2801

2769

2801

2801

2771

R2

0.084

0.049

0.038

0.143

0.159

0.024

0.140

  1. Note: Entries are unstandardized coefficients from linear regression, with standard errors in parentheses. Control variables include age, gender, education, household size, employment status, migration background, federal state, political interest, left-right placement, and party identification – not shown. *p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.
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