Table 1 Overview of Public Officials’ Metadata Information.

Unique ID

official_id

Unique identifier for each official

Authors’ coding

Demographics

name

Name of the official

Ballotpedia/Cook¹⁴/Wikipedia/Official websites

Demographics

firstname

First name of the official

Ballotpedia/Cook¹⁴/Wikipedia/Official websites

Demographics

lastname

Last name of the official

Ballotpedia/Cook¹⁴/Wikipedia/Official websites

Demographics

gender

Gender of the official

Nakka³² and Authors’ coding

Demographics

race

Racial or ethnic categorization of the official

Nakka³² and Authors’ coding

Demographics

party

Political affiliation

Ballotpedia/Wikipedia/Official websites

Official position

state

State abbreviation

Ballotpedia/Wikipedia/Official websites

Official position

state_fips

State Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) codes

United States Census Bureau

Official position

office_name

Office name

Ballotpedia/Wikipedia/Official websites

Official position

office_level

Office level (e.g., State, Federal, Local)

Ballotpedia/Wikipedia/Official websites

Official position

office_branch

Office branch (e.g., Legislative, Judicial, Executive)

Ballotpedia/Wikipedia/Official websites

Official position

district_name

District name

Ballotpedia/Wikipedia/Official websites

Official position

district_type

District type (e.g., State Legislative, Congress, State)

Ballotpedia/Wikipedia/Official websites

Official position

OCDID

Open Civic Data Division Identifiers

Open Civic Data Identifiers

Official position

yr_elected

Year in which the official was elected

Ballotpedia

Official position

vote_pct

Vote percentage in the latest general election

Ballotpedia

Official position

yr_vote

Year in which the latest election took place

Ballotpedia

Official position

bp_url

Ballotpedia URL

Ballotpedia

First post and Following data

first_post_fb

Date of first Facebook post in the database for the official

Authors’ calculation

First post and Following data

first_post_X

Date of first X/Twitter post in the database for the official

Authors’ calculation

First post and Following data

num_follower

Number of followers on X, available for select officials

Authors’ calculation

First post and Following data

num_following

Number following on X, available for select officials

Authors’ calculation