Abstract
Bischofia polycarpa (2n = 68), belonging to Phyllanthaceae family, is a native deciduous tree with naturally distribution ranging from southern Qinling Mountains and Huaihe River basin to the northern regions of Fujian and Guangdong, China. It holds significant horticultural, ornamental, and medicinal value and serves as a crucial winter food resource for wild birds. Herein, we report a de novo genome assembly for B. polycarpa, utilizing a combination of PacBio HiFi Reads and Hi-C data. In total, the genome size reaches 585.68 Mb with a contig N50 of 12.62 Mb, and 99.06% (580.18 Mb) of the assembly successfully anchored on 34 chromosomes. The genome comprises approximately 62.77% repetitive sequences and 32,554 protein-coding genes, of which 96.15% could be functionally annotated. The BUSCO analysis reveals a genome completeness of 95.42% (n = 1,540), including 1,499 (92.87%) single-copy BUSCOs and 41 (2.54%) duplicated BUSCOs. This high-quality genome of the Phyllanthaceae enriches our understanding of the genetic underpinnings of plant reproductive ecology.
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Data availability
The finalized chromosome assembly were deposited in NCBI GenBank under BioProject (PRJNA1267844) with accession number GCA_053574235.1. RNA-seq data from various tissues are accessible under the BioProject (PRJNA1365770) with accession numbers SRR36186603. The genome annotation files (GFF3, GTF, FASTA) were available in the Figshare database. All datasets are publicly available without restriction.
Code availability
All sofware and pipelines were executed in strict accordance with the manuals and protocols provided by the published bioinformatics tools. No custom programming or coding was used.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Program for Young Talents of Science and Technology in Universities of Yancheng Teachers University (grant number: 206670157, and 204670012); Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number: 2024JJ5295), and General Project of Philosophy and Social Sciences in Hunan Province (grant number: 22YBA306); Key Scientific Research Projects of Hunan Provincial Education Department (grant number: 24A0751). Thanks to Professor Chenglang Pan from Minjiang University for providing the photographs of Bischofia.
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L. Wang and B.B. conceived and designed the study, C.Y. revised the manuscript. G.L. prepared the materials. G.L. and C.Y. analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript. G. Wang, D.Z., B.P., and B.B. edited and improved the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Xin, G., Wang, G., Liu, B. et al. The chromosome-scale genome assembly, annotation of Bischofia polycarpa (H. Lév.) Airy Shaw, Phyllanthaceae. Sci Data (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-06554-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-06554-3
