Table 4 Effects of gestational weight gain on pregnancy outcomes.

From: Influence of maternal overweight, obesity and gestational weight gain on the perinatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus

 

Inadequate GWG (N = 187)

Adequate GWG (N = 352)

Excessive GWG (N = 293)

N (%)

AOR (95% CI)

P

N (%)

N (%)

AOR (95% CI)

P

Cesarean sectiona

94 (50.3)

1.09 (0.75–1.59)

0.646

170 (48.3)

177 (60.4)

1.60 (1.15–2.23)

0.005

PPHa

26 (13.9)

1.07 (0.63–1.81)

0.800

51 (14.5)

60 (20.5)

1.44 (0.94–2.19)

0.094

Preterm deliveryb

9 (4.8)

1.60 (0.65–3.93)

0.310

11 (3.1)

6 (2.0)

0.63 (0.23–1.73)

0.369

PPROMb

36 (19.3)

1.26 (0.79–2.01)

0.326

58 (16.5)

51 (17.4)

1.01 (0.66–1.54)

0.965

GHTc

3 (1.6)

0.55 (0.15–2.06)

0.374

10 (2.8)

11 (3.8)

1.23 (0.50–2.98)

0.655

Macrosomiac

7 (3.7)

0.55 (0.23–1.35)

0.194

24 (6.8)

39 (13.3)

1.94 (1.11–3.38)

0.020

SGAb

8 (4.3)

1.59 (0.64–4.50)

0.339

9 (2.6)

7 (2.4)

0.78 (0.29–2.08)

0.615

LGAb

17 (9.1)

0.29 (0.17–0.51)

0.000

92 (26.2)

97 (33.1)

1.31 (0.92–1.85)

0.133

  1. AOR, adjusted odds ratio; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; GWG, gestational weight gain; PPH, postpartum hemorrhage; PPROM, preterm premature rupture of membranes; GHT, gestational hypertension; SGA, small for gestational age; LGA, large for gestational age. AORs are presented relative to the adequate GWG group.
  2. aAdjusted for maternal age, gestational weeks, pre-pregnancy body mass index and birth weight; badjusted for maternal age and pre-pregnancy body mass index; cadjusted for maternal age, gestational weeks and pre-pregnancy body mass index.
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