Table 2 Tests of equality between the production of spores and the relative reduction in lifespan in the co-infection treatments. Presented are one sample t-tests comparing the co-infection treatment groups against the predicted means of various single infection outcomes. We compared virulence under coinfection with that expected based on interference competition (intermediate values), competition for resources (higher values than most virulent) or spite (lower values than the least virulent). The sign of the t-value indicates whether the co-infection outcome was lower or higher than expected.

		Female co-infections			Male co-infections
		t-value	df	P-value	t-value	df	P-value
True mean is equal to the average of the two single infections
Spore loads:	C14 + C1	−2.243	29	0.033	0.669	20	0.511
	C19 + C1	0.830	31	0.413	−0.866	21	0.396
	C19 + C14	−0.718	26	0.479	−2.329	17	0.032
Lifespan reduction:	C14 + C1	0.113	31	0.912	−0.957	20	0.350
	C19 + C1	−0.558	31	0.581	−0.781	21	0.444
	C19 + C14	0.804	26	0.429	4.510	17	<0.001
True mean is equal to the average of the most virulent strain and least transmissive strain
Spore loads:	C14 + C1	−2.182	29	0.037	1.483	20	0.154
	C19 + C1	5.846	31	<0.001	1.536	21	0.140
	C19 + C14	2.082	26	0.048	−0.756	17	0.460
Lifespan reduction:	C14 + C1	−0.893	31	0.389	−1.300	20	0.209
	C19 + C1	−3.086	31	0.004	−3.275	21	0.003
	C19 + C14	−1.981	26	0.053	2.139	17	0.047
True mean is equal to the average of the least virulent and most transmissive strain
Spore loads:	C14 + C1	−2.305	29	0.029	−0.145	20	0.886
	C19 + C1	−4.187	31	0.002	−3.268	21	0.004
	C19 + C14	−3.517	26	0.002	−3.902	17	0.001
Lifespan reduction:	C14 + C1	1.112	31	0.273	−0.615	20	0.546
	C19 + C1	1.970	31	0.058	1.713	21	0.104
	C19 + C14	3.589	26	0.001	6.877	17	<0.001

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