Table 1 Pairwise t-Test comparisons between groups across all training sessions.

From: Augmentation of working memory training by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)

Time

Group

Δ Congruent vs. Sham

Δ Incongruent vs. Sham

Δ Congruent vs. Incongruent

Sham

Congruent

Incongruent

t-Value (df)

p-Value

Cohen’s d

t-Value (df)

p-Value

Cohen’s d

t-Value (df)

p-Value

Cohen’s d

Session 1

3.00 (0.74)

3.25 (0.76)

3.19 (0.86)

1.50 (45)

0.141

0.44

1.92 (45)

0.061

0.56

−0.42 (46)

0.674

0.12

Session 2

3.21 (0.96)

3.78 (0.78)

3.45 (1.06)

3.29 (45)

0.002

0.96

1.78 (45)

0.082

0.52

0.92 (46)

0.361

0.27

Session 3

3.60 (1.11)

3.88 (0.92)

3.83 (1.27)

1.18 (45)

0.246

0.34

1.54 (45)

0.132

0.45

−0.31 (46)

0.761

0.09

Session 4

3.59 (1.18)

3.96 (0.92)

3.85 (1.27)

1.41 (45)

0.166

0.41

1.50 (45)

0.141

0.44

−0.08 (46)

0.938

0.02

Follow-Up

3.32 (0.83)

3.95 (0.74)

3.57 (1.31)

2.96 (33)

0.006

1.01

1.72 (37)

0.093

0.55

0.86 (32)

0.394

0.30

  1. Data are mean values with standard deviations in parentheses; Comparisons are made with baseline corrected mean values (Δ) at respective time points.