Figure 1

Frequency at which participants chose “same phase” plotted as a function of the phase difference between the visual stimulus and either the body motion only (A), tactile flow only (B), or combined conditions (C). Each participant’s performance is shown, with best-fit Gaussians fitted to the means plotted as a thick line through each data set. The experimental conditions are shown as insets. For the body motion only condition the observer sat on a moving swing in darkness. For the tactile flow only condition the observer held their fingertips lightly over a moving surface. For the combined condition observers oscillated on the moving swing with their fingertips lightly touching an earth-stationary surface. The mean phase with equivalent time delay (D) and standard deviation (STD) (E) of the fits to each participant’s data is shown along with the prediction of the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) model (yellow bars). Error bars are standard errors. Horizontal lines with asterisks indicate statistically significant differences. * p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.